DAC

DAC – Digital to Analog Conversion

Model: MCP4725 I²C DAC Breakout Module
Power supply voltage: 5V
Communication: I²C @ 3.3V (logic level)
Detected issue:
The MCP4725 operates at 5V for power, but its I²C communication lines also run at that voltage. This creates a level mismatch when interfacing with a 3.3V microcontroller like the ESP32, which may result in communication errors or even damage to the I²C pins.

Proposed or pending solution:
Use a bidirectional I²C level shifter (e.g., TXS0108E or BSS138-based) between the microcontroller and the DAC to safely interface 3.3V and 5V logic.